Literacy in the Digital Age: Strategies and Challenges for Children 5 to 6 Years Old - A Literature Review

Abstract

Literacy for children aged 5 to 6 in the digital age presents various opportunities and challenges that educators must address with pedagogical strategies adapted to new technological contexts. At this critical stage of development, children are acquiring basic reading and writing skills, and the use of digital devices and interactive platforms can be a valuable resource. This study focuses on the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the development of literacy for 5- and 6-year-olds.

The research was based on a review of 30 articles from SCIELO, Dialnet, and Google Scholar, published in the last 10 years. The findings indicate that ICT plays a crucial role in enhancing the teaching and learning process, particularly in key areas of literacy such as phonological awareness, reading comprehension, fluency, and syllabic awareness. Among the most effective tools are educational software, digital whiteboards in the classroom, and digital environments such as blogs. ICT not only provides access to a variety of educational resources but also boosts children’s interest and motivation through the interactivity and dynamism of these innovative tools.

It is essential for teachers and parents to act as guides in the use of ICT. They should set time limits, monitor content, and encourage active breaks. Additionally, combining digital activities with off-screen experiences, such as reading physical books and engaging in interactive games, is crucial for maintaining a balance between technology use and the overall development of children.