Family Factors Influencing the Academic Achievement of High School and Middle School Students in Latin America: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

The family plays a preponderant role in the education of children, hence the importance that parents become aware of the responsibility they have in the educational process of minors. The purpose of this review is to investigate different investigations to identify and publicize those family factors that affect the academic performance of students. A review of the literature was carried out using the query in the following databases: Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Google Scholar and the UNAC Repository. Of the 40 investigations with which the study began, a total of 23 articles remained that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies show as results, the various family factors that exist and how they influence the academic performance of students, of which 5 of these factors show a higher incidence and they are, time and family relationship, participation and accompaniment, communication, educational level of the parents and the socio-economic level of the families. Therefore, it is concluded that both parents, being the first educators of their children, and educational institutions must develop strategies that allow them to find possible solutions to those factors that are having a greater impact on the academic performance of students.